The operation performance of fermentative hydrogen production in anaerobic contact reactor (ACR) at different influent COD concentrations was investigated. The ACR could be kept at steady-state with ethanol-type fermentation, as influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) increased from 7000 mg·L−1 to 11000 mg·L−1 with constant HRT of 6 h. Specific hydrogen production of the ACR system increased from 2.43 m3·(m3·d)−1 to 3.51 m3·(m3·d)−1 as influent COD increased from 7000 mg·L−1 to 11000 mg·L−1, while specific hydrogen production of activated sludge peaked at 10.71 mol H2·(kg VSS·d)−1 at influent COD of 9000 mg·L−1. The results of polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) profiles showed that hydrogen-producing ethanol fermentative bacteria were dominant in the ACR. As influent COD concentration increased, Ethanoligenens harbinense YUAN-3 became more abundant, and propionate fermentative bacteria, i.e. Propionicimonas sp. F6 also started to be enriched.%以稀释糖蜜为底物，通过厌氧接触式发酵制氢反应器(ACR)的启动和运行，考察了ACR在不同进水COD浓度下的运行特性。结果表明，当HRT=6 h，进水COD浓度从7000 mg·L−1提升至11000 mg·L−1时，反应器仍能稳定运行，并维持乙醇型发酵类型。随着底物浓度的增加，系统的比产氢速率从COD 7000 mg·L−1时的2.43 m3·(m3·d)−1提高到COD11000 mg·L−1时的3.51 m3·(m3·d)−1，而活性污泥的比产氢速率在COD 为9000 mg·L−1时最高，为10.71 mol H2·(kg VSS·d)−1。聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)分析结果表明，产氢发酵产乙醇菌群为ACR系统中的主要产氢功能菌群，且随着进水COD浓度的增加，以Ethanoligenens harbinense YUAN-3为代表的产氢菌群的优势度显著增强，但丙酸发酵菌属Propionicimonas sp. F6也开始富集。
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