农业补贴的制度变迁与政策匹配

摘要

China＇s agricultural subsidy policy can be divided into three stages, that is, the agriculture negative protection policy in the initial stage of industrialization, the agriculture balance policy in the rapid development phase of industrialization, and the comprehensive restructuring in the middle stage of industrialization policies. The agricultural negative protection policy can achieve mainly through the price scissors between industrial and agricultural products and agricultural taxation; adjust the negative protection policy, improve the price of agricultural products, implement agricultural price support and increase financial support for agriculture investmept; in the new century, abolish agricultural taxes and explore the supporting measures and direct subsidies of agricultural price, etc, means that China has initially established the basic framework of the agricultural subsidy system.%我国农业补贴的政策取向可分为三个阶段，即工业化起步阶段的农业负保护政策、工业化进入快速发展时期的农业取予平衡政策，以及工业化中期阶段农业政策的全面转型。农业负保护政策主要通过工农产品价格剪刀差和农业征税实现；对负保护政策的调整，以提高农产品收购价格、实行农产品价格支持以及增加财政支农投入为标志；新世纪以来全面取消农业税，探索实施农产品价格支持措施和直接补贴政策等，则意味着我国已初步建立农业补贴制度的基本框架。