Superconducting quantum bits

摘要

Superconducting quantum bits (qubits) and circuits are the leading candidate for the implementation of solid-state quantum computation.They have also been widely used in a variety of studies of quantum physics,atomic physics,quantum optics,and quantum simulation.In this article,we will present an overview of the basic principles of the superconducting qubits,including the phase,flux,charge,and transmon (Xmon) qubits,and the progress achieved so far concerning the improvements of the device design and quantum coherence property.Experimental studies in various research fields using the superconducting qubits and circuits will be briefly reviewed.