目的 探讨特发性胸椎侧凸患者的胸椎矢状面形态对腰骶椎矢状面形态的影响. 方法 研究对象包括胸弯犁青少年特发性脊柱侧凸(AIS)患者55例.所有研究对象均摄站立位脊柱全长正位片,并在上肢抱胸体位下摄站立位脊柱全长侧位片.按胸椎后凸(TK)的测量值分为:第一组TK<10°和第二组10°≤TK≤40°,测量的参数指标包括:腰椎前凸(LL)、上腰椎前凸、下腰椎前凸、骶骨后上缘与C,铅垂线的距离、骨盆倾斜角(PT)、骶骨倾斜角(SS)、骨盆投射角(PI).将第一组及第二组就参数的测量结果进行t检验比较(P<0.05),并对相关参数指标进行相关分析(P<0.01). 结果 第一组的LL和上腰椎前凸小于第二组的LL和上腰椎前凸,且具有统计学意义(P<0.05).胸弯型MS患者相邻节段的脊柱在矢状位形态上存在相关性,其中TK与LL、上腰椎前凸存在明显的线性相关.PT、SS及PI也存在明显的线性相关. 结论 胸弯型AIS患者的胸椎矢状面形态对患者的腰椎前凸有明显影响,并通过上腰椎对整个腰椎产生影响,在对主弯为胸椎的脊柱侧凸在进行选择性胸椎融合时必须考虑这种相互影响.%Objectives To evaluate the influence of thoracic kyphosis to sagittal alignment and balance of the lumbesacral vertebrae in thoracic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients. Methods Standing posteroanterior and lateral x-rays of a cohort of 55 patients with thoracic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis were obtained. The patients were classified according to their thoracic kyphosis, the first group TK < 10° and the second group 10°≤TK≤40°. The following parameters were measured: lumbar lordosis (LL) , upper and lower arc of lumbar lordosis, sagittal vertical axis, sacral slope ( SS), pelvic incidence ( PI ), pelvic tilt (PT). Sagittal plane parameters were analyzed using t-test between two groups, with significance set at P < 0. 05. Linear correlations between parameters were calculated using Pearson correlation coefficients, with significance set at P < 0. 01. Results There were smaller LL and upper are of lumbar lordosis in the first group. Significant linear correlations were found between each single adjacent shape parameter. Significant correlations were also found between TK, LL and upper arc of lumbar lordosis, as well as between PT, SS and PI. Conclusions Sagittal alignment and balance of the lumbosaeral vertebrae may influence the thoracic kyphosis in AIS patients. The mechanism of this influence may through the adaptation of upper arc of lumbar lordosis. This influence must be considered in thoracic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients who undergo selective posterior thoracic fusion.
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