中等强度跑台运动对去卵巢大鼠腰椎骨量、骨髓脂肪细胞数量和血脂水平的影响

摘要

Objective To explore the mitigating mechanism of treadmill training on lumbar vertebrae loss, this paper investigated the effects of the moderate-intensity treadmill exercise on lumbar vertebrae bone mass, bone marrow adipocytes and serum lipids in ovariectomized rats.Methods Forty-five female SD rats were randomly divided into following four groups: sham-operation group (Sham) ,ovariectomized group (OVX) , ovariectomized and exercise group (EX, 18 m/minute, 45 min/day, 5 uphill, 4 times/week) , and ovariectomized and estrogen (E2, 25 μg/kg, 3 times/week).After 14weeks regular exercise, the body weight, the dry weight of the fifth lumbar vertebrae (L5) ,the serum lipids and estrogen (E2) were detected.In addition, the L5 bone mineral density (BMD)and bone mineral content (BMC) were detected by DEXA and the morphological changes of the second lumbar vertebrae (L2) were observed by HE staining, while the number of marrow adipocytes was calculated also.Results The BMD and BMC of L5, the dry weight of L5 lumbar vertebrae/body weight as well as the serum E2, TG and the ratio of HDL to TC in OVX group were significantly lower than the other three groups whereas the ratio of LDL to TC and the number of bone marrow adipocytes was significantly higher than the other three groups.The serum TC and LDL in OVX group were significantly higher than Sham and EX group whereas no change was found between OVX and E2 group.There were no differences in HDL among four groups.Conclusion The moderate-intensity treadmill exercise could benefit the disorder of serum lipids, prevent the bone lose of lumbar vertebrae and inhibit the increase of bone marrow adipocytes in OVX rats.%目的:通过观察中等强度跑台运动对去卵巢大鼠腰椎骨量、骨髓脂肪细胞数量和血脂水平的影响,探讨其预防绝经后骨质疏松的机制.方法:将45只3月龄雌性SD大鼠按体重随机分为假手术、去卵巢静止、去卵巢运动和雌激素四个组.运动组每周进行4次45 rain、速度18 m/min、坡度5°的跑台训练.雌激素组每周颈部皮下注射3次17-β雌二醇,剂量为25 μg/kg体重.正式运动处理14周时,称量各组大鼠体重和第5腰椎(L5)干重;检测血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、雌激素(E2)水平以及L5的骨矿物含量和骨密度;常规HE染色观察第2腰椎(L2)组织形态学变化,计数骨髓腔内脂肪细胞数.结果:去卵巢静止组L5骨密度、骨矿物含量、骨干重/体重以及血清E2、TC和HDL/TC水平显著低于其他三组,而血清LDL/TC水平和骨髓脂肪细胞数目显著高于其他三组;去卵巢静止组血清TC和LDL,水平显著高于假手术和去卵巢运动组,与雌激素组比较无显著性差异;各组HDL水平均无显著变化.结论:中等强度跑台运动减缓去卵巢大鼠椎骨骨量丢失的效应可能与其能改善去卵巢大鼠血脂紊乱、抑制去卵巢大鼠椎骨骨髓脂肪细胞的增加有关.