中国部分大中城市妇幼保健机构产科医生工作负荷分析

摘要

Objective The research aims to know the amount and changes of obstetricians'workload of institutions of maternal and children's healthcare in some Chinese large and medium-sized cities after the adjustment of fertility policy and to provide references for strengthening resource allocation for maternal and children's health service and construction of institutions of maternal and children's healthcare. Methods Through collecting the amount of service provided by all midwifery institutions and fundamental information in the monitoring areas in 2014 and 2016,we compare the amount and changes of obstetricians'workload between the institutions of maternal and children's healthcare and other public or private midwifery institutions. Results The proportion of live births of institutions of maternal and children's healthcare in 2014 and 2016 accounted for 35.3% and 36.8%,respectively.The midwifery efficiency,and the average number of outpatient visits and occupied bed days per person per year of institutions of maternal and children's healthcare were all greater than other types of public or private midwifery institutions.The number of obstetricians in the institutions of maternal and children's healthcare increased by 16.8% in 2016 compared with that in 2014,however,the midwifery efficiency and the average number of outpatient visits per person per year increased while the average number of occupied bed days per person per year decreased. Conclusion The institutions of maternal and children's healthcare in monitoring areas play an important role in providing midwifery service.The number of obstetricians in the institutions of maternal and children's healthcare in 2016 increased compared with that in 2014,but the obstetricians'workloads were still heavy and increased,which were much greater than that in other types of public or private midwifery institutions.%目的 了解中国生育政策调整实施后,部分大中城市妇幼保健机构产科医生工作负荷和变化情况,为加强辖区妇幼健康服务资源配置和妇幼保健机构建设提供参考. 方法 收集2014和2016年监测项目地区全部助产机构的服务总量和基本情况数据,比较妇幼保健机构和其他各类公立或民营助产机构产科医生工作负荷和变化情况. 结果 2014和2016年妇幼保健机构的活产数占比分别为35. 3%和36. 8%.妇幼保健机构的助产服务效率、年人均门诊量和年人均负担床日数均远高于其他各类公立或民营助产机构.相比2014年,2016 年妇幼保健机构产科医生同比增加16. 8%,助产服务效率和年人均门诊量增加,而年人均负担床日数有所降低. 结论 监测地区妇幼保健机构在提供助产服务中发挥着重要的作用.相比2014年,2016 年妇幼保健机构的产科医生虽然得到一定补充,但仍存在产科医生工作负荷加重,且工作负荷远高于其他各类公立或民营助产机构的现象.