老年脑卒中患者平衡功能障碍特征分析

摘要

Objective To analyze the characteristics of balance impairment in stroke patients over 60 years old. Methods This was a retrospective case-control study. Subjects were divided into two groups, normal control group and stroke group. Tetrax Interactive Balance System was used to examine stability index (ST), weight distribution percentages, weight distribution index (WDI), fall index (FI), synchronizations and spectrum analysis of postural sway under the condition of standing still with eyes open respectively in both groups. Results Frequencies of spectrum analysis of postural sway in the stroke group were significantly higher than that in normal control group (P＜0.05) except the low frequencies. The weight distribution percentages of unaffected foot and WDI of the stroke group were significantly higher than the normal control group (P＜0.05). ST and synchronizations in the stroke group were worse than the normal control group (P＜0.05). In the stroke group, correlations were found between FI and ST, FI and spectrun analysis of postural sway (except the low frequencies), as well as between FI and synchronizations (P＜0.05). Conclusion Stability index, weight distribution percentages, weight distribution index, synchronizations and spectrum analysis of postural sway are significantly abnormal in the elderly stroke patients with balance impairment. And their fall index was found to be correlated to a variety of factors.%目的 分析老年脑卒中患者平衡功能损害的特征.方法 回顾性对照研究.分为患者组和正常对照组.采用Tetrax平衡仪分别检测两组睁眼站立状态下的一般稳定性、体重分布及体重分布指数、跌倒风险指数、同步性及姿势摆动频谱分析.结果 患者组除低频段外,其余频段姿势摆动强度均高于对照组(P<0.05);患者组健侧足跟和足趾部位的体重百分比及体重分布指数均高于对照组(P<0.05);患者组稳定性、"四点"同步性指标((CD、AC、BD、BC)均较对照组差(P<0.05);患者组跌倒风险指数与稳定性、中低频、中高频、高频摆动强度、同侧脚的足跟与足趾以及双脚足跟/足趾对角线同步性(AB、CD、AD、BC)呈正相关(P<0.05),与双侧脚足跟与足趾同步性((AC、BD)呈负相关((P<0.05).结论 老年脑卒中患者平衡功能障碍时身体的稳定性、体重分布及体重分布指数、同步性及姿势摆动频谱均显示异常,跌倒风险与多种因素相关.