Nanoparticles of cerium oxide were prepared by common precipitation method using cerium nitrate solution and ammonia reagent. Cerium oxide particles with different morphologies were synthesized through adjusting pH values of the solution. TEM and BET results showed that spherical crystal was gained in acid solution, with the specific surface of 148.1944 m2·g-1. The cerium oxide appeared in the form of spherical and rod-like grains under neutral condition, and the specific surface changed to 114.7975 m2·g-1. Moreover, in alkaline solution, cerium oxide powders were exhibited in rod-like form with the specific surface of 106.2465 m2·g-1. Precipitation formation mechanism of different morphologies was also discussed, which followed decomposition precipitation mechanism and topology reaction mechanism in acid and alkaline solution, respectively.
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