点目标无源极化校准研究进展

摘要

极化校准是雷达目标极化散射特性正确获取的前提和基础。针对极化雷达系统,介绍了极化校准的概念及分类,概括了极化校准技术的发展史,对国内外研究机构在该领域主要的研究成果进行了归纳;分析了后向极化散射矩阵测量的误差模型,归纳了几种典型的点目标极化校准算法,分别介绍了各种极化校准算法所需的定标体和限制条件,列出各种典型算法的优缺点,通过仿真实验对比分析了几种典型点目标极化校准算法分别在低、中、高极化隔离度时极化校准的性能;指出了点目标极化校准技术今后的研究方向。点目标无源校准技术可以广泛应用于现有地基极化雷达装备和极化合成孔径雷达等的校准,对点目标无源校准技术的研究具有重要的理论和实际应用价值。%The polarimetric calibration is a precondition and a foundation to accurately acquire the polarization scattering characteristics of radar targets.For the polarimetric radar systems,concept and classification of the polarimetric calibration are introduced.The development history of the polarimetric calibration techniques is summarized.The error model of the backscattering polarization scattering matrix measurement is analyzed.Several typical polarimetric calibration algorithms for point targets are concluded;various calibrators and limitative conditions for the typical algorithms are presented respectively;the advantages and disadvantages of the typical algorithms are listed;the polarimetric calibration capabilities of the typical polarimetric calibration algorithms are compared by the simulation when low,medium and high polarization isolations are considered respectively.The further research about the polarimetric calibration techniques is indicated.As the passive polarimetric calibration techniques for point targets can be widely used in the polarimetric calibration of the ground-based polarimetric radars and the polarimetric synthetic aperture radars,etc.The research of passive polarimetric calibration techniques has important value in theory and practical applications.