Research into adaptive countermeasures to addressing the effects of climate change on agriculture

摘要

Agriculture is one of the most sensitive and fragile areas in regard to climate change,with direct or potentially indirect impacts on agricultural production and related processes;improving the ability of the agricultural sector to adapt is the key measure of climate change.The primary impacts of climate change on the agricultural sector include increased annual average temperatures,resulting in a higher level of warming available for the production of agricultural resources extension of the growing season.Climate change will transform China's cropping systems and agricultural framework,resulting in the northwards extension of land suitable for agriculture.Climate change has impacts on crop yield and quality,as well as climate-related disasters such as droughts and floods,pests and diseases,food security,and agricultural trade.There are significant regional differences in the impact of climate change in agriculture because of China's vast land mass,and research into adaptation measures and strategy in agriculture has become an important aspect of climate change.Current major adaptation technologies include the following:adjusting agricultural cropping systems and layout,breeding good crop varieties,boosting agro-climatic disaster prevention and control,and enhancing the development of agricultural infrastructure.In this paper we analyze the problems for agriculture in adapting to climate change,including poor adoption of adaptation technology,unavailability of adaptation technologies,the lack of cost-benefit analysis of adaptation technologies,financial and policy barriers,and so on.A series of adaptation measures and strategies in the field of agriculture are proposed in this paper,including(1) reduction of systematic scientific uncertainty through research on the impacts of climate change;(2) promotion of agricultural status in the global climate change negotiations of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change;(3) establishing a list of adaptation technologies and technology integration systems;and(4) establishing sound procedures and methods for the scientific selection and evaluation of adaptation technologies.Finally we must reduce the adverse effects of climate change by enhancing adaptive capacity and promoting the sustainable development capacity of agriculture in China.