Objective To explore the alteration of bone mineral density (BMD) and the prevalence of osteoporosis and the related risk factors in adults of every age stage in Shaoyang area. Methods BMDs of the lumbar vertebrae 2-4 and the hip were measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) made by Lunar, USA, for 4000 adults in Shaoyang area. Results The peak BMD in males happened in 25-29 years old. The peak BMD of the femoral neck, Ward's triangle, and the femoral trochanter in females were seen in 25-29 years old. However the peak BMD of L2-L4 in females were seen in 30-34 years old. The BMD in lower body mass group was significantly lower than that in normal body mass group or over weight or obesity group. The prevalence of osteoporosis increased with age. The prevalence of osteoporosis in females was higher than that in males, and accelerated after 50 years old. The analysis of risk factors for osteoporosis showed that age, education, hypercalcemic diet, and body mass index were the risk factors for osteoporosis and the values of OR were 1. 124, 0. 795 , 0. 623 , and 0. 821 , respectively. Conclusion BMD decreases and the prevalence of osteoporosis increases with age in health population of Shaoyang area. The prevalence of osteoporosis in females is higher than that in males in Shaoyang. Education, hypercalcemic diet, and body mass index are the protective factors for osteoporosis. However, age is the risk factor for osteoporosis.%目的 了解邵阳地区成年人各年龄段骨密度的变化情况和骨质疏松症的患病率及其相关危险因素.方法 采用美国Lunar公司的双能X线骨密度仪对邵阳地区4000例成年人进行腰椎2-4和髋部骨密度测定.结果 男性骨密度峰值在25～29岁,女性股骨颈,Ward's三角,股骨粗隆的骨密度峰值均出现在25～29岁,但腰椎2-4骨密度峰值在30～34岁.消瘦组(低体重组)的BMD显著低于正常体重或超重、肥胖组.骨质疏松患病率随着年龄的增长而增高,女性高于男性,50岁以后的女性骨质疏松患病率出现明显加速,相关危险因素分析提示年龄、文化程度、高钙饮食及体重指数是骨质疏松的危险因素,OR值分别为1.124,0.795,0.623,0.821.结论 邵阳地区正常人群骨密度随年龄增长而降低,骨质疏松的患病率也随之增加,骨质疏松的患病率女性高于男性.文化程度、高钙饮食及体重指数是骨质疏松的保护性因素,而年龄是骨质疏松的危险因素.
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