伪狂犬病毒在视觉系统跨突触神经示踪中的应用进展

摘要

Transsynaptic tracing is a very important tool for exploring functional properties and information exchange in neural networks and individual neurons.Neurotropic pseudorabies virus (PRV) is characterized as transsynaptic transmission,efficient expression and unique infection pattern,which performed key roles in exploring neural connections.Genetic recombination for PRV made it less neurotoxicity,but maintained original features and expressed fluorescence labeled protein,which made the labeling and demonstration of neural circuits more simple and direct.This paper reviewed and prospected the applications of PRV in tracing for visual system,non-image visual system,retinal transplantation,optic nerve injury repair.%跨突触神经传导示踪对于研究神经网络以及单个神经元的功能特性和信息交流具有重要意义.伪狂犬病毒(PRV)作为一种噬神经组织病毒,因其可跨突触传递、高效转染和表达、具备独特感染模式等特点,在研究神经系统功能神经元之间的网络连接中起着重要作用.经过基因重组后的伪狂犬病毒无明显神经毒性,此外不仅继承了原有病毒的特性,同时还可携带荧光标记蛋白,使得对神经环路的标记和显示更加简单和直观.我们就PRV应用于视觉传导通路的标记、在非图像视觉传导系统中的应用、视网膜组织和细胞移植后示踪、视神经损伤修复中的应用前景,以及存在的潜在不足,进行了综述和展望.