用于PET放射性药物合成的微流体芯片

摘要

微流体芯片在有机合成领域显示了它独特的优势,而应用到放射性药物合成领域却很少.最近,国际上几个科研小组证实了微流体芯片在放射性药物合成上的潜力,并证实传统放射合成的许多步骤均可被微流体芯片所取代.同时也证实以微流体芯片为基础的放射性化学合成比传统的放射性化学合成使用的前体量更少,反应速度更快,合成出的药品有更高的比活度和产率,纯化过程也更简单,同时对放射性的防护也更容易.尽管有如此多的优点,但目前还没有被广泛的商业开发.本文对目前国际上主要的几种微流体芯片的优缺点及其在PET药物合成中的应用进行了综述.%Microfluidics have multiple advantages in the area of organic synthesis.However,only a limited number of them have been applied in radiopharmaceutical synthesis.Recently,several groups have identified the potential of microfluidics in this area and have demonstrated that microfluidic-based radiochemistry can lead to the use of smaller quantities of precursors,accelerate reaction rates,easier purification processes with greater yield and higher specific activity of desired probes,and easier to follow safety precautions.Various steps of conventional radiosynthesis can be replaced by microfluidics devices.However,despite promising results that arouse the interest of the scientific community,none of these inventions have been transferred for commercial use.This review presents a brief overview of the progress achieved so far in this rapidly advancing field.We not only introduce the characteristics of microfluidic devices,but also discuss the application in radiopharmaceutical synthesis.In addition,we summarize several prospective directions for this emerging interdisciplinary field.