洁净ICU动态空气质量监测与分析

摘要

目的 监测动态洁净ICU空气质量,为洁净ICU的医院感染管理提供依据.方法 采用平板自然沉降法、六级撞击式浮游菌测定法、尘埃粒子计数法对工作状态下的10万级洁净ICU空气每天在3个不同时间段,不同区域,连续4d进行采样.结果 动态洁净ICU环境中上午、下午、晚上0.5 μm和5μm尘埃粒子数差异有统计学意义(F=78.85,89.94；P＜0.01)；不同区域的尘埃粒子数监测结果显示:单间、双间、大厅3个区域差异有统计学意义(F=20.21,16.17；P＜0.01).不同时间段环境中浮游菌数,上午、下午、晚上3者差异有统计学意义(F=14.21,P＜0.01)；不同区域环境中浮游菌的浓度单间、双间、大厅3者差异无统计学意义(F=0.98,P＞0.05).不同时间段、不同区域中空气沉降菌数差异有统计学意义(F=5.68,17.05；P＜0.01).环境中浮游菌和沉降菌数之间存在显著正相关性(r=0.612,P＜0.05).六级撞击式采样器每一级别所测定的空气细菌平均数之间差异有统计学意义(F=8.35,P＜0.01),第5级细菌数最多,第4级次之.结论 洁净ICU在上午查房、护理等工作人员最多时空气质量最差；环境中5μm以下的粒子占优势；尘埃粒子数多,浮游菌和沉降菌数也相应增多,单间或双人间空气质量优于大厅.%Objective To study the dynamic air quality of clean ICU so as to provide evidence for hospital infection management in clean ICU.Methods Flat natural sedimentation method,six percussive determination of planktonic bacteria and dust particle counting method were used to get samples at three different time periods,different regions for four consecutive days in 100 000 air clean ICU.Results The counts of 0.5μm,5 μm dust particles at different time ( morning,afternoon,evening) were significantly different( F =78.85,89.94 ;P ＜ 0.01 ) and the monitor results of different regions( single rooms,double rooms,hall) were significantly different( F =20.21,16.17; P ＜ 0.01 ).The number of planktonic bacteria at different time (morning,afternoon,evening) were significant different(F =14.21,P ＜0.01 ),while there was no difference in different regions ( single rooms,double rooms,hall) ( F =0.98,P ＞ 0.05 ).There was significant difference of depositing bacterial counts at different time and regions( F =5.68,17.05,P ＜ 0.01 ) and there was a positively correlation between planktonic bacterial counts and depositing bacterial counts ( r =0.612,P ＜ 0.05 ).Each level of bacterial average counts of six percussive samplers measured was significantly different (F =8.35,P ＜ 0.01 ),with fifth grade most and fourth grade following.Conclusions Air quality of ICU is not good especially when making ward round; Less than 5 μm particles dominant; the counts of planktonic bacteria and depositing bacteria is increasing when dust particles counts increase,and the air quality of single rooms and double rooms is better than that of the hall.