目的 原发性气管癌非常少见,本研究探讨原发性气管癌的18F-FDG PET/CT表现及其诊断价值,提高对本病的认识.资料与方法 回顾性分析经病理证实的11例原发性气管癌患者的18F-FDG PET/CT显像资料,其中9例行CT增强扫描,分析其PET/CT和CT增强扫描表现.结果 11例患者中,5例腺样囊性癌,4例鳞癌,2例腺癌.PET显像示气管腔内或管壁见类圆形或长条状放射性浓聚灶,腺样囊性癌、鳞癌及腺癌的最大标准化摄取值分别为4.5±1.2、8.1±1.7、4.5±2.4,恶性肿瘤的诊断准确率为100%(11/11);CT示气管腔内或管壁见软组织密度结节或肿块影,恶性肿瘤的诊断准确率为81.8%(9/11).9例行CT增强扫描者中,3例呈明显强化,6例呈中度强化.1例发生纵隔淋巴结转移.11例均未见远处转移.结论原发性气管癌的PET/CT表现为气管腔内或管壁的软组织结节或肿块伴FDG代谢增高,PET/CT能够清晰地显示肿瘤的功能代谢信息与解剖形态学特点,判断有无淋巴结和远处转移,对指导临床诊疗有重要意义.%Purpose To improve the understanding of features and diagnostic value of PET/CT imaging in primary tracheal cancer as it is a rare disease.Materials and Methods The18F-FDG PET/CT image data of 11 patients with primary tracheal cancer confirmed pathologically were retrospectively analyzed. The contrast-enhanced CT scan was performed in 9 patients. The PET/CT and contrast-enhanced CT imaging data were analyzed.Results Out of the 11 cases, 5 were adenoid cystic carcinoma, 4 were squamous cell carcinoma and 2 were adenocarcinoma. Endotracheal round or elongated uptake lesions were found in PET imaging. The maximum standardized uptake value of adenoid cystic carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma were 4.5±1.2, 8.1±1.7 and 4.5±2.4, respectively. The accuracy of diagnosis of PET/CT was 100%(11/11). Soft tissue density nodule or mass in trachea was found in CT scan. The accuracy of CT diagnosis was 81.8% (9/11). Among the 9 patients who underwent enhanced CT scan, 3 had significantly enhanced lesions and 6 had moderate enhanced ones. Mediastinal lymph node metastasis was found in 1 patient. There was no distant metastasis in all the 11 patients.Conclusion Primary tracheal cancer has features of PET/CT imaging such as soft tissue nodules or mass in tracheal lumen or on its walls accompanied by FDG increase. The utilization of metabolic and anatomic imaging of PET/CT has great significance in clinical diagnosis and therapy of primary tracheal cancer.
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