National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles Beijing Institute of Tech-nology Beijing 100081 China;
Collaborative Innovation Center for Electric Vehicles in Beijing Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China;
National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles Beijing Institute of Tech-nology Beijing 100081 China;
Collaborative Innovation Center for Electric Vehicles in Beijing Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China;
National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles Beijing Institute of Tech-nology Beijing 100081 China;
Collaborative Innovation Center for Electric Vehicles in Beijing Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China;
National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles Beijing Institute of Tech-nology Beijing 100081 China;
Collaborative Innovation Center for Electric Vehicles in Beijing Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China;
School of Electrical and Information Engineering University of the Witwa-tersrand Johannesburg South Africa;