2013-2015年某综合性医院医院感染现患率调查

摘要

Objective To investigate the prevalence of healthcare-associated infection (HAI)in a hospital in 2013-2015,and provide reference for the improvement of HAI management.Methods Prevalence rates of HAI among patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University in 2013 -2015 were investigated with cross-sec-tional survey method,prevalence rates of HAI and constituent ratios of HAI sites in patients of different genders and different age groups were analyzed.Results In 2013 -2015,29 605 patients should be investigated,29 581 (99.92%)were actually investigated.Prevalence rates of HAI in 2013-2015 were 2.83%,2.14%,and 1 .73%,re-spectively,difference was significant(χ2 =27.521 ,P <0.01),which showed a downward trend year by year.Preva-lence rates of HAI in male was significantly higher than that of female (2.47% vs 1 .98%,χ2 =7.954,P <0.01). The prevalence rates of HAI in the age dimension was roughly U-shaped distribution in 2013 -2015.Prevalence rates of HAI in ≥70 age group was the highest(4.15%),in 0 -30 age group decreased with age,in > 30 age group increased with age.The top three sites for prevalence of HAI were lower respiratory tract (45.67%),upper respiratory tract (9.92%),and urinary tract (8.52%).Conclusion The prevalence rates of HAI decreased year by year in 2013-2015,which suggests that HAI prevention and control measures are effectively implemented.%目的：了解2013—2015年某院医院感染（HAI）现患情况，为提高 HAI 管理水平提供参考依据。方法采用横断面调查方法，对2013—2015年郑州大学第一附属医院住院患者进行 HAI 现患率调查，分析不同性别、不同年龄组的 HAI 现患率，以及 HAI 部位构成情况。结果2013—2015年应查29605例，实查29581例，实查率99．92％。2013—2015年 HAI 现患率分别为2．83％、2．14％、1．73％，三年间 HAI 现患率比较，差异有统计学意义（χ2＝27．521，P ＜0．01），呈逐年下降趋势。不同性别住院患者 HAI 现患率比较，男性 HAI 现患率为2．47％，高于女性 HAI 现患率1．98％，差异有统计学意义（χ2＝7．954，P ＜0．01）。2013—2015年不同年龄组住院患者 HAI 现患率在年龄维度上大致呈“U”型分布，HAI 现患率较高的为70～组（4．15％），0～30岁年龄组 HAI 现患率随年龄的增加而降低，30岁年龄组之后 HAI 现患率随年龄的增加而升高。HAI 部位构成居前3位的为下呼吸道（45．67％）、上呼吸道（9．92％）和泌尿道（8．52％）。结论该院现患率调查结果显示 HAI 现患率逐年降低，说明 HAI 防控措施落实有效。