天津市滨海新区水痘疫苗免疫效果评价

摘要

目的：开展无明胶冻干型水痘减毒活疫苗保护性效果评价；观察突破病例发生情况，探讨水痘疫苗免疫策略。接种人群为居住在滨海新区的满12月龄～12周岁儿童，已接种过水痘疫苗或已患过水痘的除外。对照人群为环城四区同龄未接种水痘儿童。方法：对目标人群实施疫苗接种。全部接种者观察42 d至2年半后，水痘突破病例发生情况。以观察组和对照组两组对比观察计算水痘疫苗保护率。结果：本次无明胶水痘减毒疫苗突破病例为134例，发生率为0.35％；无明胶水痘减毒疫苗保护率80.92％，与国内外相关报道基本一致。结论：接种疫苗后42 d至2年半内，接种水痘疫苗可有效保护儿童免于发病，同时减轻了儿童患病的痛苦和家庭的经济负担。接种水痘疫苗后仍有突破病例发生，因此要考虑进行二次接种，以进一步观察二次接种后机体产生抗体水平变化及流行病学保护效果。%To observe the incidence of varicella vaccine after breaking through the case of varicella vaccine , immunization strategy ,popularized in the city.Inoculation Population living in the Binhai New Area of full age to 12 years old children in December,has been vaccinated or who have had chickenpox varicella vaccine except .Controls were four districts around the city girls without varicella in children.Methods: Implementation of vaccination for the target population.All vaccinees was observed from 42 days to 2 and a half years later ,the incidence of varicella break cases.In the observation group and the control group was observed in two groups of varicella vaccine protection rate calculation.Results: The gelatin free attenuated varicella vaccine breakthrough in 134 cases,the incidence rate was 0.35%;no gelatin attenuated varicella vaccine protection rate of 80.92%, with domestic and foreign reports consistent.Conclusion:After vaccination from 42 to 2 and a half years ,varicella vaccine can effectively protect children from the onset, while reducing the prevalence of children 's pain and the economic burden of the family.Varicella vaccine is still a breakthrough occurred ,therefore to consider two inoculations ,with further observation of two times after inoculation the body to produce antibody level and epidemiological protection effect.