现蕾前苜蓿BC1和正反交F1群体多叶性状表达的研究

摘要

In order to understand the genetic characteristics of multifoliolate alfalfa leaf traits and clari-fy the expression of leaf traits in different genetic populations,The multifoliolate rate and height and bran-ches of mulitifoliolate alfalfa BC1 and reciprocal cross F1 population at three different periods before bud-ding were compared.The results showed that the multifoliate rate of BC1 population was higher than that of reciprocal cross F1 population(P<0.01).The average multifoliolate rate of single plant were 71.19%, 26.65% and 15.19%,respectively.The multifoliolate rate of orthogonal population was higher than that of the alternating population (P< 0.05).The multifoliolate rate of single plant of BC1 population almost per-formed the change from increase to reducing with growing.The main branch multifoliolate rate decreased already,and the number of main branches was significantly negatively related to height,and was positively correlated with the number of branches.The multifoliolate rate of single plant had a significant positive correlation with the number of branches.The multifoliolate rate of the main branch was positively correla-ted with the multifoliolate rate of single plant.The multifoliolate expression of alfalfa leaf was character-ized by cytoplasmic inheritance,multifoliolate express was different before budding probably due to the factors of inheritance and environmental.%通过比较苜蓿现蕾前3个生育时期BC1群体、正反交F1群体的多叶率、株高、分枝数等农艺性状的变化,解析多叶性状的遗传特性.结果表明:通过回交改良,苜蓿群体多叶率得到显著改善(P<0.01),苜蓿BC1、正反交F1群体的平均单株多叶率分别为71.19%、26.65%、15.19%;以多叶苜蓿为母本,杂交F1正交群体的单株多叶率显著高于反交群体(P<0.05);苜蓿BC1群体单株多叶率在现蕾前随生长期主要表现为先增加后减少,主枝多叶率普遍表现为下降;主枝多叶率与株高呈极显著负相关,与分枝数呈极显著正相关;单株多叶率与分枝数呈极显著正相关,主枝多叶率与单株多叶率呈极显著正相关.苜蓿的多叶性状表现出细胞质遗传效应,在现蕾前的不同生长时期表现不同,初步判断苜蓿多叶率受遗传与环境因素的共同影响.