施肥对羊草割草地牧草产量及品质的影响

摘要

以呼伦贝尔羊草割草地为对象,采用正交试验设计,研究了不同水平的氮磷钾配施对该地区牧草产量和品质的影响.结果表明:(1)CH6(N3P3K3)产量最高(3579.73 kg/hm2),显著高于CK(P<0.05).该地区施肥量的最优组合为氮肥(181.96 kg/hm2)+磷肥(321.84 kg/hm2)+钾肥(47.01 kg/hm2).(2)牧草营养物质含量对不同施肥配比的响应不同,牧草的粗蛋白质含量CH3(N2P3K3)组合最优;粗脂肪含量的最优组合为CH13(N2P3K2);CH14(N3P2K2)、CH13(N3P2K2)分别是酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维含量最优组合.(3)牧草营养物质含量对不同N、P、K施肥水平的响应不同,牧草粗蛋白质质含量和粗脂肪含量分别在N4和K2水平显著高于其他水平,酸性洗涤纤维在P2水平显著低于其他水平,牧草品质最优组合为N4P2K2.综合牧草产量、品质,呼伦贝尔天然割草地进行配方施肥时应保持N肥、P肥用量,减少K肥用量.%The effects of applying nitrogen, phosphorus, organic fertilizer on the forage yield and nutrient content were studied by using orthogonal design in Leymus chinensis mowing meadow of Hulunbeir.The results showed that:(1) The grass yield of treatment CH6 (N3P3K3) was the highest (3579.73 kg N /hm2), significantly higher than CK (P< 0.05).The optimum combination was 181.96 kg N/hm2,321.84 kg P /hm2,47.01 g K /m2.(2) The responses of nutrients to different N,P and K level was different.The optimum combination for crude protein was CH3(N2P3K3);the optimum combination for crude fat was CH13(N2P3K2);the optimum combination for ADF was CH14(N3P2K2);the optimum combination for NDF was CH13(N3P2K2).(3) The responses of nutrients to different N, P, K fertilizer levels was different, the forage crude protein and crude fat content in treatments N4 and K2 was significantly higher than other levels respectively, acid washing fiber in treatment P2 was significantly lower than other levels, the optimal combination for forage quality was N4P2K2;In comprehensive consideration of yield and quality, Leymus chinensis mowing meadow in Hulunbeir should keep N fertilizer, P fertilizer dosage, reduce K fertilizer dosage.