目的 对比分析乳腺良/恶性病变的全数字化乳腺X线摄影征象,深入了解不同X线特征与乳腺癌的关系,并重点讨论钙化在乳腺癌中的意义,以期为提高乳腺癌的早期诊断率提供依据.方法 选取新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院2010年1月至2014年12月经手术病理证实且于术前行全数字化乳腺X线摄影检查的435例乳腺癌患者和239例乳腺良性肿瘤患者为研究对象,对比分析乳腺癌患者和乳腺良性肿瘤患者的不同乳腺X线征象.结果 不规则肿块,毛刺及浸润边缘肿块,恶性钙化,血供增加,结构扭曲,皮肤增厚凹陷,淋巴结肿大,钙化形态呈点状、杆状、分支状、簇状分布,钙化数目>20枚,钙化较小及密度不均匀是乳腺癌的主要X线特征.结论 全数字化乳腺X线摄影在乳腺疾病尤其是乳腺癌的诊断中具有较高的应用价值,乳腺病变相关X线特征对乳腺良/恶性病变的鉴别诊断具有一定的临床意义.%Objective To compare and analyse digital mammography in breast benign or malignant lesions, understand the relationship between the different X-ray features of breast cancer, and discuss the significance of calcification in breast cancer, in order to improve the early diagnostic rate of breast cancer and provide the basis. Method 435 cases of breast cancer patients with digital mammography examination and 239 cases of benign breast tumor were selectd in our hospital from 2010 to 2014 as the research objects, comparative analysis of different breast X-ray signs between breast cancer patients and benign breast tumor patients were conducted. Result The main X-ray features of breast cancer were irregular mass, burr and infiltration of edge tumor, malignant calcification, increase blood supply, structure distortion, thickening of the skin sag, swollen lymph nodes, calcification in dot, rod-shaped, branching, cluster distribution, the number of more than 20 pieces of calcification, calcification of small and uneven density. Conclusion Full digital mammography in diagnosis of breast diseases especially in the diagnosis of breast cancer, has certain clinical significance. The X-ray features of breast lesions have some clinical significance in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions.
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