采用效用分析方法测量中国人青光眼患者的视觉相关生活质量

摘要

Background The influence of glaucoma on the quality of life in patients is of increasing concern for ophthalmologists in recent years. However,some studies demonstrated that different types of questionnaires about quality of life have various disadvantages. Therefore, to accurately and fully assess the influencing factors of quality of life in glaucoma patients is very important. Objective The present study was to survey the self-reported visionrelated quality of life(QOL) in glaucoma patients by means of utility analysis and to tentatively analyze its influencing factors. Methods Patients with glaucoma were recruited from a single tertiary ophthalmic department. Standard face-to-face interviews were conducted. Utility values of linear rating scale ( RS ) and time trade-off ( TTO ) were calculated to evaluate the self-reported vision-related QOL of the patients. The correlations of the utility values with the patients' general and ophthalmologic characteristics were also analyzed. This survey was approved by the Ethic Committee of Beijing Tongren Hospital. Oral informed consent was obtained from the subjects before the study.Results A cross-sectional study was designed. A total of 86 glaucoma patients were enrolled in this study with 62 male and 24 female, with a mean age of 44. 67 years old. The mean utility values measured by RS and TTO were 0. 62± 0. 19 and 0. 77 ± 0. 12, respectively, and no evidential correlation was found between these two values ( r =0. 074, P=0. 499 ). The RS value was associated with daily visual acuity,mean deviation(MD) of visual field and the history of trabeculectomy. Neither daily visual acuity nor MD showed a significant correlation with the TTO value. Age, work status and educational background contributed to higher utility value for the TTO method. After adjusting for age, work status and educational level,patients with visual acuity in the worse-seeing eye better than 0. 3 showed a higher TTO value than those with less than 0. 3. Conclusions Utility analysis possesses the advantages of convenience and sensitivity. RS utility value is easily affected by the Objective visual status and surgery history in glaucomatous patients,which reflects the subjective assessment of patients' visual quality. However, TTO value is primarily associated with age,work status and education level rather than visual function in glaucoma patients,which is therefore subjective assessment of the disease-related quality of life. These Results indicate that visual function impairment is not a determining factor for the QOL of glaucoma patients.%背景 近年来关于青光眼对患者生活质量的影响日益受到临床工作者的关注，但调查结果表明各种视功能量表均存在一定的不足，准确、全面地评价影响青光眼患者生活质量的主观和客观因素值得深入研究。 目的 利用效用分析的方法测量青光眼患者视觉相关生活质量并初步分析其相关因素。 方法收集北京同仁医院门诊确诊的青光眼患者，采用效用分析中的线性等级尺度(RS)法和时间交易(TTO)法进行问卷调查以获得反映青光眼患者疾病相关生活质量的效用值，比较RS法和TTO法所得效用值的差异和相关性，分析不同性别、年龄、受教育程度、工作状态、青光眼家族史、青光眼手术史、不同视功能损害程度以及不同青光眼类型对患者效用值的影响。 结果研究共纳入青光眼患者86例，其中男62例，女24例;平均年龄44.67岁。RS法和TT0法测得青光眼患者的效用值分别为0.62±0.19和0.77±0.12，两种方法获得的效用值之间无显著相关关系( r=0.074，P=0.499)。RS法计算所得的效用值受日常生活视力、视野缺损程度以及青光眼手术史的影响，而TTO法测得的效用值主要与患者的年龄、工作状态以及受教育程度有关，与患者视力和视野损害的严重程度无相关性。校正了年龄、工作状态和受教育程度以后，较差眼视力≥0.3的青光眼患者其TTO效用值显著高于较差眼视力＜0.3者(P=0.029)。 结论效用分析的方法简单、灵敏，可较好地被患者所接受。RS法所得效用值受日常生活视力、视野缺损程度以及青光眼手术史的影响，反映了患者对自身视觉状态的主观评价。TTO法测得的效用值主要与患者的年龄、工作状态以及受教育程度有关，反映了不同患病个体对自身视觉相关生活质量的主观评价。视功能的损害程度在青光眼患者的总体生活质量中不起决定性作用。