人工晶状体悬吊植入术后人工晶状体脱位的原因分析

摘要

背景 目前人工晶状体(IOL)悬吊植入术的操作技术逐渐进步,但术后远期IOL位置的稳定性仍不十分理想. 目的 探讨IOL悬吊植入术后发生IOL脱位的原因. 方法 本研究为回顾性系列病例观察研究.纳入1998-2009年于北京爱尔英智眼科医院因无晶状体眼行IOL悬吊植入术者321例321眼,本组中保持有效随访者共263例263眼,其中随访时间在5年以上者共164例164眼.所有患者术后5年以内(含5年)均未出现IOL脱位.对纳入分析的164例患者术后IOL脱位情况进行分析,对术中所用IOL材料、IOL植入位置、IOL植入时间以及术后眼压等与IOL脱位的关系进行统计,分析导致IOL脱位的原因,并对IOL脱位后的处理方法和结果进行分析和总结.结果 本组患者随访期在5年以上的164例164眼中术后发生IOL脱位者共9例9眼,占5.49％,IOL脱位时间在术后7～10年.从脱位IOL复位术中证实IOL脱位的主要原因是无明显诱因的悬吊线断裂,IOL固定于非水平对角位者IOL脱位发生率高于IOL固定于水平位者.IOL脱位的患者中以外伤性视网膜脱离患者比例最高,占33.33％.发生脱位的IOL均为一片式悬吊IOL,三片式折叠IOL植入者均未发生脱位.结论 IOL悬吊植入术中IOL的固定缝线断裂是IOL脱位的主要原因,悬吊线断裂可能与非水平对角位固定IOL时的重力有关,因此建议术中采用3:00 ～9:00位水平固定IOL.%Background Trans-scleral fixation of intraoculalen(IOL) hamade greaprogress,buthe long-term stability of the implanposition of IOL aftesurgery inoideal.Objective Thistudy wato investigate the relevanfactorof IOL dislocation aftetrans-scleral fixation of IOL.Methodrespective case-observational study wadesigned.The clinical datfrom 321 eyeof 321 patientwho had received trans-scleral fixation of IOL were collected.total of 263 patientcompleted the effeetive follow-up,and 164 patientwith the follow-up fomore than 5 years.No IOL dislocation occurred within 5 yearin all 263 eyes.The relationship between IOL material,IOL implantation location,the time of IOL dislocation and the intraoculapressure with IOL dislocation were analyzed.ResultIOL dislocation appeared 7-10 yearaftesurgery in 9 eyewith an incidence rate of 5.49％.Breakage of IOL suture wafound in all the eyewith IOL dislocation.Dislocation wamore frequently found in IOL performed in the oblique position than thain the horizontal position (10.0％ vs.3.5％).The rate of IOL dislocation wahighesin traumatiretinal detachmeneyes,apercentage of 33.33％.Single piece IOL wamore easily dislocated.ConclusionThe breakage of anchosuturein IOL ileading cause of IOL dislocation aftetrans-scleral fixation of intraoculalens,which may be associated with the weighresulting from the fixation procesin non-level angulaIOL.Iirecommended thaIOL should be fixed in the horizontal position.