西藏藏族自治区眼科医疗资源现况调查

摘要

Background The improvement of the eye care system has being a strong guarantee for blindness prevention.However,medical resources of eye care in Tibet autonomous region cannot jet meet the effective requirement.Knowing the present situation of medical resources of eye care in Tibet can help reasonably allocate scarce medical resources.Objective This survey was to understand the status of eye care in Tibet area.Methods A questionnaire-based study was performed in Lhasa from April 2016 to June 2016,human resources,equipments were issued toward to all level of medical structures and answered by eye doctors.Results The coverage of the questionnaires was 100％ in Tibe area,and the effective response rate was 100％.Up to 2015,Tibet autonomous region had a total of 21 medical institutions with eye clinical ability with 1/151 000 per capita according to the Tibetan population released by national statistics bureau in 2014 and without any eye hospitals or eye clinics.In the 21 medical hospitals,19 (90.5％) had professional eye doctors,13 (61.9％) had independent eye departments,and 11 (52.4％) had operating room special for eye surgeries.One hundred and twenty ward beds were set in Tibet,and 1.6 eye doctors served in average for 100 000 Tibetan.Only 3 eye doctors with master degree and 14 eye nurses in Tibet area.There were a few elementary diagnostic and surgical instruments with an average of 326.2 eye simple operations in 2015.Conclusions The human resources and equipments as well as instruments are still insufficient for eye care in Tibet autonomous region,particularly in community-and county-level.%背景 眼科医疗保健体系的不断完善是防盲治盲工作的有力保障,但目前西藏自治区的眼科医疗资源分配情况仍不能满足当地防盲治盲工作的需要.了解西藏地区眼科医疗资源现状有助于当地合理分配紧缺的医疗资源,推进防盲治盲工作的开展. 目的 对西藏自治区的眼科医疗资源分配进行调查,为尽快建立该地区的眼科医疗保健网络和有效提供资源供给提供依据. 方法 本研究组于2016年4-6月面向西藏藏族自治区各级医疗单位眼科科室负责人和眼科医生发放西藏自治区医疗机构眼科专业情况调查问卷.西藏地区21家医疗机构的21名眼科科室负责人和52名眼科医生就眼科专业情况参与调查,由经过统一培训的专职人员按照统一调查方式收集整理,以确保回答问卷的真实有效性.结果 所有调查问卷发放的全区覆盖率为100％并全部收回,问卷填写符合要求,应答率及问卷有效率均为100％.截止2016年6月,西藏自治区共有21所有眼科诊疗能力的医疗机构,按照国家统计局公布的2014年西藏人口状况计算,平均每15.1万人拥有1个眼科医疗机构,但无独立眼科专科医院.其中有眼科专科医生者19所,占90.5％,有独立眼科科室者13所,占61.9％,有眼科独立手术室11所,占52.4％.全区眼科共有病床数量120张,平均每10万人拥有眼科医生1.6名,其中硕士学历者3名,尚无主任医师;全区共有专业护士14人,其中全职和兼职者各7人.目前西藏藏族自治区具备了基本的诊断仪器和最基本的手术设备,2015年全区平均眼科手术量为326.2人次.结论 西藏藏族自治区的眼科医疗资源不足,尤其是基层乡镇卫生院和县级医院眼科医疗机构,制约当地眼科防盲治盲工作的开展.