Objective This paper aimed to analyze the situation of HIV infection in Liangshan Yi Autonomous,including HIV recent rate of infection and the ongoing strategies on prevention of the disease in this prefecture.Methods Surveillance data on population size,medical institutions,from 2011 to 2013 in Liangshan prefecture was collected.The total numbers of people living in the areas appeared as 412 608,393 699 and 443 025 from the above mentioned three years.The overall numbers of people living with HIV/AIDS were 4 480,3 999 and 4 719 respectively in the three years of observation,using the ELISA and WB blot.We also used the ELISA,and Western blotting methods to find out the HIV-positive individuals.We then applied the 'BED HIV-1 incidence capture enzyme immunoassay (BED-CEIA)'on these HIV-positive individuals to locate those who were recently infected,to estimate the annual recent infection rates.Results The HIV-positive rates in Liangshan Prefecture appeared as 1.09％,1.02％ and 1.07％ respectively,from 2011 to 2013,with the recent infection rates as 0.34％ (95％CI:0.32-0.37),0.62％ (95％CI:0.58-0.66) and 0.61％ (95％CI:0.57-0.65) respectively.The newly infections mainly involved with males,with Yi ethnicity,married,being illiterate or received primary school education.In males,the rates of infection appeared as 64.24％ (433/674),59.22％ (504/851) and 58.37％ (495/848) respectively,in the three years of observation among people with Yi ethnicity,the recent infection rates were 84.72％ (571/674) in 2011,94.59％ (805/851) in 2012 and 84.20％ (714/848) in 2013.The rates seen in married people were 61.57％ (415/674),61.45％ (523/851) and 60.50％ (513/848) respectively.Among the illiterates or people only received primary school education,the rates appeared as 60.24％ (406/674) in 2011,61.57％ (524/851) in 2012,and 60.03％ (509/848) in 2013.Conclusion Using the HIV recent infection rate to describe the situation of AIDS in Liangshan prefecture,figures seemed to be more reliable than under the regular HIV-positive rate.%目的 了解凉山彝族自治州HIV感染情况及新发感染率.方法 收集凉山州2011-2013年每年医疗机构HIV监测人数分别为412 608例、393 699例及443 025例,用酶联免疫和蛋白印迹方法检测出HIV抗体阳性样本数量分别为4 480、3 999及4 719份,再应用BED捕获酶联免疫法(BED-CEIA)进一步检测,排除HIV-1既往阳性样本,得出新发感染所占比例,进而估算每年的HIV-1新发感染率.结果 凉山州2011-2013年HIV阳性感染率分别为1.09％、1.02％和1.07％,新发感染率(95％CI)分别为0.34 (0.32～ 0.37)％、0.62 (0.58 ～ 0.66)％和0.61(0.57～0.65)％.2011-2013年HIV新发感染人群主要集中在男性,分别为64.24％(433/674)、59.22％(504/851)和58.37％ (495/848);彝族分别为84.72％ (571/674)、94.59％(805/851)和84.20％ (714/848);已婚人群分别为61.57％(415/674)、61.45％(523/851)和60.50％(513/848),文盲和小学文化程度人群分别为60.24％(406/674)、61.57％(524/851)和60.03％(509/848).结论 HIV新发感染率比感染率更能反映艾滋病的流行状况,研究结果提示凉山州艾滋病疫情形势仍然严峻,需加大防控力度.
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