为寻求在设计阶段能较准确地预测重载货车车体焊缝的疲劳寿命评估方法，基于各种标准提供的分析方法对转炉616装甲钢T型焊接接头进行疲劳评估，通过与试验的对比表明，美国ASME标准中的等效结构应力法更能准确预测焊缝的疲劳寿命。为提高某重载运煤敞车车体焊缝的疲劳寿命，建立了包括焊缝在内的敞车车体有限元模型，基于等效结构应力法和AAR标准中的载荷谱，预测了车体关键焊缝的疲劳寿命，其薄弱部位与车体实际发生疲劳裂纹部位基本吻合，依据焊缝的结构应力分布规律的特点，提出的枕梁改进结构可使车体关键焊缝疲劳寿命提高1．7倍。%Aiming at finding a more exact method to predict weld line fatigue life in heavy freight carbody during design phase, the fatigue life of armor steel 616 Tee joint is analyzed by various standards. Comparing analysis results and experimental results,the equivalent structural stress method offered by ASME standard is of high accuracy and obvious advantage. A finite element model of a heavy freight carbody including key weld lines is built, fatigue life prediction for these weld lines is performed by means of the equivalent structural stress method and load spectrum of AAR,and weld line of more shorter fatigue life is basically coincident with that in-service carbody. The improved structure of bolsters is to be put forward on the basis of structural stress analysis at weld lines, and fatigue life of the bolsters weld line is increased by 1.7 times.
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