Reactive oxygen species are important factors, which directly or indirectly involve in the process of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury. They are not only regulated by the balance between prooxidant and antioxidant enzymes in brain,but also participate in the various molecular signal pathway in cells. Therefore,they play an important role in the course of neuronal death events. In recent years, transgenic and gene-knockout mice have been widely used in research of the enzymes which influence the formation and elimination of reactive oxygen species, And they also are utilized in the study of the proteins which mediate a variety of cell death and apoptosisl. The animals provide necessary conditions for researchers to conduct the foundamental and applied studies on treatment of cerebral ischemia or reperfusion injury.%活性氧自由基作为脑内一类重要的病理因素直接或间接地参与脑缺血/再灌注的损伤过程.氧自由基不仅受到脑内促氧化酶与抗氧化酶间平衡的调节,同时也参与了细胞内信号转导通路,在神经元死亡中发挥着决定性作用.近年来,转基因及基因敲除鼠已广泛应用于这些影响活性氧自由基的形成和清除过程的酶类物质及各种介导细胞死亡与凋亡过程的蛋白质的研究中,为脑缺血/再灌注损伤治疗的基础及应用提供了必要条件.
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