北京城区老年人运动习惯与生活质量的关系

摘要

Objective To explore the effect of exercise habits on the quality of life ( QOL) of the elderly in Beijing city.Methods SF-36 questionnaire was used to evaluate the QOL of 3894 old people.According to the exer-cise habits the elder were divided into regular exercise group (1350),sometimes exercise group (1410),occasional or no exercise group (1134).Generalized linear model analysis was used to analyze the effect of exercise habits on quali-ty of life.Results Univariate analysis showed that age (χ2 =27.346),educational level (χ2 =33.272),previous oc-cupation (χ2 =35.015) and BMI (χ2 =14.642) had statistically significant effects on exercise habits,P<0.05. Generalized linear models showed that elderly in regular exercise group had higher scores than the elderly in occasion-al and non-exercise group in eight aspects (PF,RP,BP,GH,VT,SF,RE,MH),two areas (PCS,MCS) and SF-36,P<0.01.The elderly in sometimes exercise group had higher scores than the elderly in occasional and non-exercise group only in PF,GH,VT,SF,MH,PCS and MCS areas,and SF-36,P<0.05.Conclusions Regular exercise habits has positive effect on the quality of life of the elderly.%目的探讨运动习惯对北京城区老年人生活质量的影响。方法采用SF-36量表评价3894名北京城区老年人的生活质量，同时根据运动习惯不同将老年人分为规律运动组（1350例）、有时运动组（1410例）、偶尔或不运动组（1134例）。采用广义线性模型分析不同运动习惯对老年人生活质量的影响。结果单因素分析显示年龄（χ2＝27．346）、文化程度（χ2＝33．272）、既往职业性质（χ2＝35．015）、体质量指数（χ2＝14．642）与运动习惯间差异有统计学意义，均P＜0．05。广义线性模型分析可见规律运动组老年人在生活质量量表的8个方面（ PF、RP、BP、GH、VT、SF、RE、MH）、2个领域（ PCS、MCS）的得分，SF-36总分均高于偶尔或不运动组，差异有统计学意义（均P＜0．01）。有时运动组老年人在RP、BP、RE方面得分与偶尔或不运动组无差异，其余5个方面、2个领域和SF-36总分高于偶尔或不运动组（均P＜0．05）。结论规律性的运动习惯对老年人的生活质量有正向促进作用。