高脂饲养兔和豚鼠建立动脉粥样硬化模型比较

摘要

Objective To compare lipid changes and atherosclerosis of Japanese white rabbits and guinea pigs feed by high fat diet.Methods Twelve Japanese white rabbits and twelve guinea pigs were randomly divided in-to 2 groups respectively,1.Rabbit control group (n=6):chow diet;2.Rabbit model group (n=6):high fat diet;3. Guinea pig control group (n=6):chow diet;4.Guinea pig model group (n=6):high fat diet.Serum lipid were meas-ured by enzymatic at 0 week and 4weeks.Aorta pathological changes were observed by HE staining.Results The to-tal cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein of model groups were significantly higher than those in the control groups(P<0.05),and the difference was statistically significant.Pathology results showed that early stage pathological changes of atherosclerosis was founded in 83%(5/6) of rabbit model group,how-ever there was no atherosclerosis in guinea pig model group.Conclusion Simple fed high-fat diet for 1month,rabbits will have hyperlipidemia and early atherosclerosis,while guinea pigs only with hyperlipidemia.The model of athero-sclerosis could format repidly in rabbit compared with guinea pig.%目的比较高脂饲料喂养1个月的日本大耳兔和豚鼠的血脂变化及动脉粥样硬化形成情况。方法将12只兔和12只豚鼠分别采用数字表法随机分成两组，①兔对照组（ n＝6）：普通饲料喂养；②兔模型组（n＝6）：高脂饲料喂养；③豚鼠对照组（n＝6）：普通饲料喂养；④豚鼠模型组（n＝6）：高脂饲料喂养。0周及4周末酶法检测血脂；HE染色法观察主动脉弓病理变化。结果实验4周末兔模型组和豚鼠模型组血清低密度脂蛋白－胆固醇（ LDL-C）、总胆固醇（ TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ HDL-C）均较对照组显著升高，差异均有统计学意义（P均＜0．05）；病理结果示：兔模型组83％（5／6）可见动脉粥样硬化早期病理改变，豚鼠模型组未见动脉粥样硬化病理改变。结论单纯高脂饲料喂养1月，兔可形成高脂血症和早期动脉粥样硬化，豚鼠只可形成高脂血症，兔较豚鼠快速形成动脉粥样硬化模型。