心理干预对风心病换瓣术后患者精神状态的影响

摘要

目的：探讨心理干预对风湿性心脏病（风心病）换瓣术后患者精神状态的影响。方法：60例风心病换瓣术后患者按数字表法被随机分为常规护理组和心理干预组各30例。心理干预组除常规护理干预外另进行心理干预。采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）分别于术前1d和术后1周对两组患者进行心理状态评价。结果：两组心理干预开始前 SCL-90评分组间比较差异无显著性（P＞0.05），手术1周后，与常规护理组比较，心理干预组 SCL-90量表中躯体化[（1.31±0.47）分比（0.55±0.68）分]、强迫症状[（2.11±0.35）分比（0.78±0.35）分]、人际关系敏感[（1.57±0.53）分比（1.22±0.46）分]、抑郁[（1.63±0.29）分比（1.00±0.41）分]、焦虑[（0.98±0.17）分比（0.76±0.13）分]、敌对[（1.11±0.31）分比（0.80±0.37）分]和恐怖[（1.39±0.26）分比（0.53±0.19）分]分值均显著下降（P＜0.01或P＜0.05）。结论：心理干预能够减轻患者的不良心理状态，提高生活质量。%Objective:To explore influence of psychological intervention on mental state in patients With rheumatic heart dis-ease (RHD)after valve replacement surgery.Methods:A total of 60 RHD patients after valve replacement surgery Were randomly and equally divided into routine nursing group and psychological intervention group according to number table,the latter received additional psychological intervention besides routine nursing intervention.Symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90) Was used to assess mental state of tWo groups 1 d before and one Week after surgery.Results:There Were no significant difference in SCL-90 scores betWeen tWo groups before psychological intervention (P>0.05).Compared With routine nursing group one Week after operation,there Were significant reduction in SCL-90 scores of somatization [(1.31±0.47) scores vs.(0.55±0.68)scores],obsessive-compulsive symptom [(2.11±0.35)scores vs.(0.78±0.35)scores],inter-personal relationship sensitivity [(1.57±0.53)scores vs.(1.22±0.46)scores],depression [(1.63±0.29)scores vs. (1.00±0.41)scores],anxiety [(0.98±0.17)scores vs.(0.76±0.13)scores],hostility [(1.11±0.31)scores vs.(0.80 ±0.37)scores]and phobia anxiety [(1.39±0.26)scores vs.(0.53±0.19)scores]in psychological intervention group,P<0.01 or P<0.05. Conclusion:Psychological intervention can alleviate the adverse psychological state and improve quali-ty of life in patients With rheumatic heart disease.