氯虫苯甲酰胺、阿维菌素与苏云金芽胞杆菌桶混对不同地区抗性小菜蛾的防治效果

摘要

为了解云南通海、湖北武汉、海南海口田间小菜蛾种群对氯虫苯甲酰胺、阿维菌素、苏云金芽胞杆菌抗药性现状及其桶混的田间防治效果,为小菜蛾抗性治理策略提供参考,推进化学农药减量控害.采用叶片浸渍法和田间小区试验对以上3种杀虫剂进行抗药性测定和田间药效试验.结果表明,3个地区小菜蛾田间种群均对阿维菌素产生了高水平抗性,抗药性倍数为276.0～1062.0倍,对氯虫苯甲酰胺抗药性达到中等至高水平抗性,抗药性倍数为60.0～671.0倍,对苏云金芽胞杆菌表现为中等及以下水平抗性,抗药性倍数为5.1～15.2倍.田间防治效果和抗性水平呈现出一定的相关性,苏云金芽胞杆菌药后7d均达到70％以上,而氯虫苯甲酰胺、阿维菌素单剂药后7d防治效果均达不到60％.氯虫苯甲酰胺、阿维菌素和苏云金芽胞杆菌桶混处理的田间防治效果在以上地区分别为88.70％和81.50％,防治效果较好,桶混处理防效与各单剂相比差异极显著.因此,建议可以桶混、轮换使用苏云金芽胞杆菌,以提高对小菜蛾的持续控制效果.%We find out the resistance status of chlorantraniliprole,avermectin,and Bacillus thuringiensis,and field control effect of tank mixtures of 3 insecticides against different Plutella xylostella field populations in Tonghai Yunnan Province,Wuhan Hubei Province,and Haikou Hainan Province,to provide a reference for the strategy of resistance management to P xylostella,and promote chemical pesticide reduction and control.The resistance and field efficacy of the 3 insecticides were tested by leaf dipping bioassay and field trial.The results indicated that 3 field population ofP.xylostella have produced a high level of resistance to avermectin,with the resistance ratios of 276～ 1062 fold.The resistance ratios to chlorantraniliprol were 60～671 fold,which tested moderate to high level of resistance.Moderate and low level of resistance to B.thuringiensis was found with the resistance ratios of 5.1～15.2 fold.The field control effect and resistance level displayed a consistent trend.The effect of B.thuringiensis reached more than 70％ after 7 days,while the chlorantraniliprole and avermectin were less than 60％.The field control effects of tank mixtures of chlorantraniliprole,avermectin and B.thuringiensis were 88.70％ and 81.50％ in the above areas respectively.The difference between the two tank mixtures and their single agents was significant.Therefore,it was recommended to mix or to rotate using B.thuringiensis in order to improve the control effect of P.xylostella.