幼年期斑马鱼视动反应的行为学特征

摘要

目的 探讨幼年期斑马鱼视动反应(OMR)行为特征,并确定最佳OMR行为实验条件,建立其行为实验平台,为基础和临床研究儿童眼病及视觉发育提供视功能评估的参考依据.方法 建立斑马鱼OMR行为学装置,通过产生匀速水平移动的一定空间频率黑白条栅的视觉刺激,观察幼年期斑马鱼对该视觉刺激反应的行为学特征,进一步通过改变条栅空间频率或移动速度来观察其行为表现,从而建立最佳的幼年期斑马鱼OMR行为学实验模型.结果 1.当条栅移动时,幼年期斑马鱼出现相对于条栅移动方向的4种行为反应:正向游动、反向游动、停滞不前、犹豫向前;其中正向游动为OMR敏感表现.2.当条栅移动速度固定为25.0 cm/s时,幼年期斑马鱼对不同空间频率(0.04、0.05、0.10、0.20、0.40、0.80线/mm)的条栅敏感性随着空间频率的升高先增高后降低,以0.20线/mm敏感性最高(73.0％).3.当条栅空间频率固定为0.20线/mm时,幼年期斑马鱼对条栅的敏感性随着移动速度(12.5、25.0、50.0、75.0 cm/s)的增加先升高后降低,在25.0 cm/s时敏感性最高(72.5％).结论 幼年期斑马鱼对一定空间频率、移动速度的视觉刺激存在特有的视动反应行为特征,条栅空间频率为0.20线/mm,移动速度为25.0 cm/s是幼年期斑马鱼视动反应的最佳实验条件,并可运用该条件作为有关儿童眼病的基础和临床研究中进行视功能评估依据.%Objective To explore the zebrafish larvae optomotor response (OMR) characteristics and the optimal experimental conditions,and to build an experimental platform of zebrafish larvae OMR and provide reference to the evaluation of the visual function for basic and clinical research on children's eye diseases and visual development.Methods A zebrafish larvae OMR device was established to form continuous visual stimuli produced by black and white bars moving flatly at a constant speed.The behavioral characteristics of zebrafish larvae were accordingly observed.Furthermore,the optimal experimental conditions were confirmed by watching the larval behaviors under different spatial frequency or moving speed.Results When the grating was moving,the zebrafish larvae performed 4 behavior responses:positive swimming,opposite swimming,immobility,and hesitant swimming.Only positive swimming indicated a sensitive response.When the grating speed was set to 25.0 cm/s,the proportion of positively swimming fish increased initially and then decreased as grating spatial frequency was progressively increased to 0.04,0.05,0.10,0.20,and 0.80 LP/mm,respectively; and there was a peak value (73.0％) at 0.20 LP/mm.When the spatial frequency was 0.20 LP/mm,the proportion of positively swimming fish increased initially and then decreased as the speed was progressively increased to 12.5,25.0,50.0,75.0 cm/s,and a peak value (72.5％) was observed at 25.0 cm/s.Conclusions Zebrafish larvae had their unique OMR behavior features.The optimal grating conditions for zebrafish larvae OMR test are spatial frequency of 0.20 LP/mm and speed of 25.0 cm/s,which can be used to conduct visual function assessment in the basic and clinical research of related children's eye diseases.