以单羟基氟碳链一元醇为有机氟改性剂,将含氟基团引入聚氨酯主链中,通过分子设计的方法制备出软段含有离子基团的有机氟阴离子型水性聚氨酯.比较了传统水性聚氨酯、硬段含氟的水性聚氨酯和软段含氟的水性聚氨酯在合成方法、耐水性、热稳定性以及结晶性方面的差异；实验证明了软段含氟聚氨酯的水性聚氨酯的性能最为优良.通过红外光谱的表征确定了氟化聚氨酯的结构,并证明了含氟基团的引入对聚氨酯软硬段间氢键作用的影响；水接触角由73°增加至107°,吸水溶胀率降低了66％,胶膜耐水性提高；热重分析结果表明,含氟聚氨酯的最大热失重温度提高了30℃,热稳定性增加；广角X射线衍射结果表明,胶膜的结晶度增加,结晶形式发生了微小程度的转变；扫描电子显微镜结果证明存在不均匀的多相结构.%Fluorine groups were integrated into polyurethane main chains using monocarboxyl fluorocarbon chain as fluorinated modifier. Fluorinated waterborne polyurethane ( WPU) containing ionic in soft segment (FSPU) was obtained via molecular designing process. The properties such as synthetic method, water assistance, thermal stability and crystallinity of conventional WPU, fluorinated WPU containing ionic in hard segment ( FHPU ) and FSPU were compared. Among of them, FSPU shows the best performance. The structure of fluorinated WPU was determined and the influence of fluorine groups on hydrogen bond between soft and hard segments was characterized by IR spectra. The water contact angle was increased from 73° to 107° with the increase of fluorine groups. Water absorption was reduced by 66% and water resistance of polyurethane was increased. The themogravimetric analysis results indicated that the max mass loss temperature of polyurethane glue film was increased by 30 °C therefore the thermal stability was improved. Wide X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope results showed that multiphase structure existed in the fluorinated polyurethane, the crystallinity of fluorinated polyurethane glue film was increased and the crystalline form was jslightly changed.
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