中美猪肉产品贸易竞争态势分析

摘要

Based on the United Nations trade statistics database (UNComtrade) and the data provided by the food and agriculture organization (FAO),this paper made comparative analysis on the production,consumption and trade competitiveness of swine products between China and the United States.The results showed:Compared to the United States,China existed comparative advantages in the swine production,but the international competitiveness of swine products existed comparative disadvantages;in terms of the classification of swine products,the competitive advantage of USA was reflected in the fresh,chilled or frozen meat of swine,and China's competitive advantage was reflected in the live swine;From the point of export similarity index,compared to the world market,European Union and Japanese market,the competition of China and USA were fierce in the Russian market and China's Hong Kong and Macao markets,and the competition of the fresh,chilled or frozen meat of swine and other kinds of swine products was fiercer,and China's live swine export was only the dominant position in China's Hong Kong and Macao regions.Finally,the paper put forward some corresponding policy suggestions for China's trade in swine products.%基于联合国贸易统计数据库(UNComtrade)和国际粮农组织(FAO)提供的数据,本文对中国和美国猪肉产品的生产、消费以及贸易竞争力进行比较分析.结果显示:相比美国,中国的猪肉产量处于比较优势,但是猪肉产品国际竞争力处于比较劣势;在猪肉产品分类层面,美国竞争优势体现在冷鲜猪肉和其他类猪肉产品上,中国竞争优势则体现在生猪类;从出口相似度指数来看,相比世界市场、欧盟市场和日本市场,中国和美国在俄罗斯和中国港澳地区市场竞争激烈,其中中关的冷鲜猪肉产品和其他类猪肉产品的竞争较为激烈,而中国生猪出口仅在中国港澳地区占有主导地位.最后,针对中国猪肉产品贸易现状,提出了相应的政策建议.