复合微生物制剂在鸡粪无害化处理中的应用研究

摘要

为减少畜禽粪便造成的环境污染,本研究选取不同益生菌对鸡粪进行发酵处理.根据发酵粪便中温度变化、氮含量、pH、总活菌数、大肠杆菌数、干物质损失率和吲哚含量等参数,确定发酵鸡粪的干酪乳杆菌、产朊假丝酵母、粪肠球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌用量分别为0.05％、0.10％、0.05％和0.05％ (P＜0.05).根据单因素试验的结果,将4种益生菌作为四因素进行响应面回归设计,以吲哚含量高低作为发酵好坏的判定标准,得到4种益生菌的最佳配比,即干酪乳杆菌0.06％、产朊假丝酵母0.15％、粪肠球菌0.07％、枯草芽孢杆菌0.07％.利用此复合微生态制剂发酵鸡粪,使鸡粪中吲哚含量、大肠杆菌数量和pH分别比对照组显著降低87.50％、21.93％和16.72％,对畜禽粪便的无害化处理具有重要意义.%In order to reduce the environment pollution from animal excreta,this experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different species of probiotics on fecal fermentation.Based on the parameters such as temperature,nitrogen content,pH value,total bacterial counts,E.coli counts,dry matter loss and indole contents during microbial fermentation,the optimal probiotic addition of Lactobacillus casei,Candida utilis,Enterococcus faecalisandBacillus subtilis in fecal fermentation was 0.05％,0.10％,0.05％ and 0.05％ (P＜0.05),respectively.With the above data of single-factor experiment,response surface regression design was used to estimate the optimal ratio among 4 species of microbes for fecal fermentation,in which indole content was considered as the indicator of fermentation quality.The result showed that the optimal probiotic ratio of Lactobacillus casei,Candida utilis,Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus subtilis was 0.06％,0.15％,0.07％ and 0.07％ (P＜0.05).When this compound probiotics was used to ferment chicken excreta,indole content,E.coli counts and pH value in fermented excreta were decreased by 87.50％,21.93％ and 16.72％ respectively,compared with the control group (P＜0.05).This kind of compound probiotics will be useful for innocent treatment of animal excreta.