补饲发酵芦笋下脚料对母猪粪便形态和乳汁质量的影响

摘要

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of supplementary feeding fermented asparagus by-product on fecal morphology and milk quality of sows from late-pregnancy to the end of lactation.Fifteen pregnant sows with similar body condition,parity and parturition time were randomly assigned to groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ,respectively,with five replicates each and one sow in each replicate.Each sow was fed a basal diet supplemented with 0,0.25 and 0.50 kg fermented asparagus by-product each day in three groups,respectively.The experiment lasted from day 85 after pregnancy to day 21 after delivery.The results showed as follows:1) fecal morphology was improved by the supplementation of fermented asparagus by-product to sows.2) The levels of milk protein,growth hormone,insulin and immunoglobulin G in colostrum of group Ⅲ were significantly higher than those of group Ⅰ (P＜0.05),tumor necrosis factor-α level in colostrum of group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that of group Ⅰ (P＜0.05).3) Total superoxide dismutase activity in milk collected from groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P＜0.05) at day 10,and which extremely significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ at day 21 (P＜0.01);the levels of malondialdehyde,interleukin1β,interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-ct in milk collected from group Ⅲ at day 21 were significantly lower than those of group Ⅰ (P＜0.05).It is concluded that supplementary feeding fermented asparagus by-product to sows can reduce the constipation rate of sows from late-pregnancy to the end of lactation and improve milk quality of sows in different degrees.%本研究旨在探讨给妊娠后期和哺乳期母猪补饲发酵芦笋下脚料对母猪粪便形态和乳汁质量的影响.将15头膘情、胎次和预产期相近的妊娠母猪随机分配到Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组,每组5个重复,每个重复1头猪.Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组母猪每头每天分别补饲0、0.25和0.50kg发酵芦笋下脚料.试验从母猪妊娠期的第85天开始到产后第21天结束.结果表明:1)给母猪补饲发酵芦笋下脚料能改善母猪的粪便形态.2)Ⅲ组母猪初乳中乳蛋白质、生长激素、胰岛素和免疫球蛋白G水平显著高于Ⅰ组(P＜0.05),肿瘤坏死因子-α水平显著低于Ⅰ组(P＜0.05).3)Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组母猪第10天乳汁中总超氧化物歧化酶活性显著高于Ⅰ组(P＜0.05),而第21天乳汁中总超氧化物歧化酶活性则极显著高于Ⅰ组(P＜0.01);Ⅲ组母猪第21天乳汁中丙二醛、白细胞介素-lβ、白细胞介素-6和肿瘤坏死因子-α水平分别显著低于Ⅰ组(P＜0.05).由此得出,补饲发酵芦笋下脚料能减少妊娠后期和哺乳期母猪便秘的发生,并不同程度地改善母猪乳汁质量.