血根碱对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道形态结构及小肠黏膜免疫功能的影响

摘要

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary sanguinarine(SAN)on growth per-formance, intestinal mucosal morphology and immune function of small intestinal mucosa of weaned piglets. Thirty-six"Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire"hybrid pigs with initial weight of(6.55±0.18)kg were randomly di-vided into three groups with twelve replicates per group and one pig per replicate according to similar body weight and the same ratio of gender. The pigs in the control group were fed a basal diet, those in antibiotic group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 75 mg/kg chlortetracycline,and the others in SAN group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 50 mg/kg sanguinarine. The experiment lasted for 21 days. The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group, the average daily gain and the average daily feed in-take were significantly increased(P<0.05), and the ratio of feed to gain and diarrhea rate were significantly decreased(P<0.05)in SAN group and antibiotic group. But there were no significant differences in above growth performance indices between SAN group and antibiotic group(P>0.05).2)Compared with the control group, the villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth(V/C)of duodenum and jejunum were sig-nificantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01)in SAN group and antibiotic group, and no significant differences were found in above indices between SAN group and antibiotic group(P>0.05), while the villus height and V/C of ileum in SAN group were significantly higher than those in the other two groups(P<0.05). 3)Com-pared with the control group,the contents of immunoglobulin A(IgA),immunoglobulin G(IgG)and immu-noglobulin M(IgM)in duodenum, jejunum and ileum in SAN group and antibiotic group were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01)except the IgG content in duodenum mucosa and the IgM content in jejunum mucosa. But no significant differences were found in above indices between SAN group and antibiotic group (P>0.05). In conclusion,dietary sanguinarine with the same effects of antibiotic can improve intestinal muco-sal morphology,and increase small intestinal mucosal immune function,consequently improve the growth per-formance of weaned piglets.%本试验旨在研究血根碱(SAN)对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道形态结构及小肠黏膜免疫功能的影响.试验选取23日龄平均体重为(6.55 ± 0.18)kg的健康"杜×长×白"三元杂交断奶仔猪36头,按体重相近、性别比例相同原则随机分为3组,分别饲喂基础饲粮(对照组)、基础饲粮+75 mg/kg金霉素(抗生素组)、基础饲粮+50 mg/kg SAN(SAN组),每组12个重复,每个重复1头猪,试验期21 d.结果表明:1)与对照组相比,SAN组和抗生素组的平均日增重和平均日采食量显著提高(P<0.05),料重比和腹泻率显著降低(P<0.05);但SAN组与抗生素组间以上生长性能指标均无显著性差异(P>0.05).2)与对照组相比,SAN组和抗生素组的十二指肠和空肠绒毛高度、绒毛高度/隐窝深度(V/C)值显著或极显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),但SAN组和抗生素组间以上指标均无显著差异(P>0.05);而SAN组回肠绒毛高度、V/C值显著高于其他2组(P<0.05).3)与对照组相比,SAN和抗生素组的十二指肠、空肠和回肠黏膜免疫球蛋白A、免疫球蛋白G和免疫球蛋白M含量均显著或极显著升高(除十二指肠黏膜免疫球蛋白G和空肠黏膜免疫球蛋白M外)(P<0.05或P<0.01);但SAN组和抗生素组间以上指标均无显著差异(P>0.05).由此可见,饲粮中添加SAN可以改善肠黏膜形态,提高小肠黏膜免疫功能,从而提高断奶仔猪的生长性能,达到与添加抗生素相当的效果.