以河南省济源市石质山区8a生梯田杏树为例,利用热扩散植物液流技术(TDP)测算得到2005年和2006年杏树逐日蒸腾数据,结合同步观测的降水量数据,分析了华北石质山区杏树蒸腾耗水规律及水分供求关系,旨在为该地区节水杏园的发展提供依据.结果表明:(1)杏树蒸腾速率(TR)呈现出明显的日际变化特征,且在同一生长期内,晴天-多云日的蒸腾速率高于阴天.(2)从全年来看,4-8月杏树蒸腾速率相对其他月份要高,其中,5月(6月)蒸腾速率为全年最大时期;1月(12月)蒸腾速率为全年最低水平.(3)在华北石质山区,2005年和2006年的年际总降水量与杏树蒸腾耗水量差值分别为-263.25mm和-220.47mm,说明周年降水可以满足杏树蒸腾耗水的需要.但各月的蒸降差差异很大,7-9月降水量大于蒸腾量;其他大多月份降水不能满足杏树耗水的需要.%Taking 8 years old Apricot trees ( Primus dulcis) in Jiyuan city of Henan province as an example, the transpiration and water demand-supply of Apricot trees in the rocky mountain of Northern China was analyzed based on daily transpiration data, which was measured by thermal dissipation sap flow velocity probe (TDP) , and daily precipitation data, which obtained by automatic meteorological monitoring system in 2005 and 2006. The results showed that transpiration rate (TR) of Apricot trees had significant daily variation, and the TR in sunny day was higher than that in cloudy day in the same growing season. The TR of Apricot also had obvious seasonal change, which was higher during growing seasons (April to August) with the maxim value at May or Jun and mini value at January or December. The difference between total precipitation and evapotranspiration of Apricot trees in experimental area were -263. 25mm and -220. 47mm in 2005 and 2006 respectively, which indicated that annual precipitation could meet transpiration of Apricot trees. But precipitation each month could not meet transpiration of Apricot trees except for July, August and September.
展开▼
