我国乡村旅游资源评价研究综述

摘要

[目的]乡村旅游资源评价是合理开发、 科学规划乡村旅游的基础.梳理现有乡村旅游资源评价研究,了解已有研究成果,总结出我国乡村旅游资源评价研究的现状与不足,以期对后续研究及乡村旅游资源的开发与保护提供帮助.[方法]通过文献综合分析法和比较与归纳分析法,从乡村旅游资源评价指标的选取、 乡村旅游资源评价方法、 评价客体及尺度、 评价后指导方向等方面对乡村旅游资源评价研究文献进行汇总分析.[结果](1)乡村旅游资源评价指标体系的构建基本遵循相同的原则,在此基础上,对其评价要素、 层次结构和评分标准进行重新修订,选择不同的影响因子和特征值构建相应的评价模型.(2)目前对于乡村旅游资源的评价方法采用更多的是定性与定量方法相结合的层次分析法(简称AHP法).(3)评价研究区域范围已涵盖中国多省域单元;评价尺度不同,评价客体数目侧重有所不同,省市级尺度评价客体数目多为单客体,景区、 景点级评价客体数目侧重多客体,而县乡村级尺度,根据自身研究目的不同,单客体和多客体各有研究.(4)根据评价结果提出的指导建议较多地从注重自身观赏价值、特色文化内涵保护、 基础设施建设、 政策支持和完善投融资渠道等方面,根据具体评价地区、 具体评价结果,分重要性先后次序给出合理化的旅游资源开发利用建议.[结论]在目前的乡村旅游资源评价中,评价方法总体略显单一;评价指标体系对生态环境补偿能力的关注较少;在时间跨度上的指标动态监测和整体评价监测方面欠缺.%This paper summarized the literatures on the evaluation of rural tourism resources from the selection of evaluation indexes of rural tourism resources, the aspects of rural tourism resources evaluation methods, evaluation objects and scales, and the direction of evaluation using the methods of literature analysis and comparative analysis. And then, it summarized the status quo and shortcomings of the evaluation of rural tourism resources in China. The research showed that (1) The evaluation index system of rural tourism resources was basically the same principle. The evaluation factors, the hierarchical structure and the scoring standard were revised, and different influencing factors and values were chosen to construct the corresponding evaluation model. (2) At present, the AHP method can combine the qualitative and quantitative methods to evaluate the rural tourism resources. (3) The evaluation of the scope of the study area covered China′s multi-province unit. The evaluation objects focused on different, pro-vincial and municipal large-scale objects, such as the single object, scenic multi-objects. (4) According to the results of the evaluation, the author put forward some suggestions on how to pay attention to the ornamental value, the cultural connotation protection, the infrastructure construction, the policy support and the improvement of the investment and financing channels. The importance of the rational development of tourism resources development and utilization was recommended. In the evaluation of the current rural tourism resources, the evaluation method was generally simple, the evaluation index system had little attention on the ecological environment compensation a-bility, and the dynamic monitoring of the indicators was lack of overall evaluation and monitoring.