毛发移植术中单株毛囊单位分离技术的培训研究

摘要

Objective To explore the training program for follicular unit dissection technique in hair transplantation. Try toimprove the dissection speed and qualified rate. Method After theory learning about the hair follicle structure, microscopicseparations combined with visual separation of follicular unit were performed. Results After training experiment groupdissection speed 8±3 units/min qualified rate 92±1%.There are obviously difference between after training and beforetraining (P<0.05).On the contrary there are no difference between after training group and control group. Conclusion Thekey restrict point of hair transplantation is follicular unit isolate. Our training program improved the speed and qualified rateby theory and reality learning. It was documented who passed theory and > 6 hours or >1000 units isolate training canperformed (8±3)units/min. This program proved a technical support in hair transplantation operation.%目的:探讨毛发移植术中单株毛囊分离的培训方法.提高毛发移植手术人员单株毛囊分离速度和精度.方法:首先对培训对象进行毛囊结构理论教学,要求学员掌握毛囊的基本结构;然后进入镜下分离,裸眼分离结合的培训阶段,使学员掌握正确的分离技术和分离出毛囊单位的标准;最后对头皮扩张器手术的剩余头皮中的毛发进行裸眼毛囊分离培训.分离基本过程为皮条分割、粗胚制作、细胚制作,单株分离.培训过程中考核学员的分离速度和分离出的毛囊合格率.结果:理论培训后结合显微分离,显著提高了术者分离的精度;裸眼分离可以明显提高单株毛囊制作速度;经过累计超过6h或>1000个毛囊单位的分离的培训,术者分离细毛胚的速度可以达到(8±3)根/min,合格率达92±1%.与培训前有统计学差异P<0.05,和熟练术者无统计学差异.结论:毛发移植术的制约点是毛发分离速度,经过毛囊结构理论学习和体式显微镜下分离的培训,术者对毛囊结构从理论和实际上有了明确的掌握,从而提高了术者的分离精度;经过累计6h的分离训练,多数学员可以达到(8±3)根/min的分离毛囊单位速度,这一结果极大的缓解了毛发移植的限速关键点,为提高毛囊的存活率提供了坚实的技术保障.