Deparment of Engineering Mechanics;
School of Mechanics;
Civil Engineering and Architecture;
Northwestern Polytechnical University;
Xi'an 710072;
China;
MIIT Lab of Metal Addive Manufacturing and Innovative Design;
Northwvestern Polytechrical Universily;
Xi'an 710072;
China;
School of Power and Energy;
Northwestern Polytechnical University;
Xi'an 710072;
China;
Forced convection; Heat sinks; Heat transfer; Nanofluid; Sensitivity analysis; Topology optimization;