公共卫生体系要素的确认与研究

摘要

Objective To define the elements of public health system and establish the theoretical framework. Methods A total of 394 pieces of literature were reviewed and a quantitative research on research aspects and elements of public health system was conducted with the macro model of health system. Results A total of 25 research aspects in public health system were found by literature review,which were matched with the concepts and dimensions of the theoretical model,and then were summarized into eight elements with the approval rate of 88.8%-93.3%. Among the eight elements,the literature research paid most attention to three elements:the organization system,the grasp of public needs,and the allocation of resources,the index of concern of which was 0.245,0.170,and 0.158,respectively. Conclusion The elements of the public health system and their interaction fully reflect the system's composition and operating rules,provide the scientific theoretical framework for the research of the public health system. It may guide the construction of system evaluation standards and policy formulation in the field of public health.%目的 明确公共卫生体系要素,建立体系的理论框架.方法 系统评阅国内外公共卫生体系相关文献394篇,以卫生系统宏观模型为逻辑推演框架,对公共卫生体系的研究方面及要素进行定量研究.结果 共梳理出公共卫生体系的25个研究方面,与理论模型的概念维度相互匹配,据此总结归纳为8个要素,认可率达88.8%~93.3%.其中,文献研究对于组织体系、把握公众需要及资源配置3个要素的关注程度最高,关注指数分别为0.245、0.170、0.158.结论 公共卫生体系的要素及相互关系,全面反映了体系的组成和运作规律,为公共卫生体系的研究提供了科学的理论框架,可指导体系评价标准的构建与公共卫生领域的政策制定.