Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (North China), Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Land Quality Monitoring, Ministry of Land and Resources, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University;
Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences;
School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology;
ordinary; kriging; neural; network; soil; electrical; conductivity; variability; mapping; Ningxia,China;