100例小儿外部性脑积水CT诊断分析

摘要

目的：分析100例小儿外部性脑积水 CT 诊断情况.方法：选取笔者所在医院2009年1月-2012年10月所收治的100例小儿外部性脑积水患者作为研究对象,使用日立 PRATICO 和 GE BrightSpeed 16排螺旋 CT 扫描机,患儿在使用镇静剂后,都采用轴位扫描(平扫),以 OM 为基线,绝大多数患儿选用的层厚层距为10 mm 或5 mm,部分患儿加扫或重建2.5 mm 层厚.结果：主要 CT 表现为蛛网膜下腔或多或少都出现了增宽的现象(100%),以大脑前纵裂、双额顶为明显,范围为3.8~7.9 mm.8例(8%)患儿出现了脑室轻度扩大现象,16例(16%)患儿出现了脑基底池增宽现象,26例(26%)患儿出现了额顶叶脑沟增宽加深现象,86例(86%)患儿出现了双侧裂池增宽现象.随后再次进行 CT 随访,有10例(10%)患儿外部性脑积水明显减少,其余90例(90%)患儿外部性脑积水消失.结论：CT 可以对小儿外部性脑积水进行明确诊断,小儿外部性脑积水 CT 主要表现为蛛网膜下腔增宽.%Objective:To take CT diagnosis and analyses on 100 pediatric cases of external hydrocephalus.Methods:100 pediatric cases with external hydrocephalus from January 2009 to October 2012 were chosen as study object.After taking sedatives,the 100 pediatric cases used HITACHI PRATICO or GE BrightSpeed CT scanning at the baseline of OM line with a collimation of 10 mm and interslice gap of 10 mm,and the rest with a collimation of 5 mm and interslice gap of 5 mm.Results:CT showed the widening of the subarachnoid space(100%),it was 3.8-7.9 mm,especially in anterior inter hemispheric fissure with prominence and the parietal lobe,in which 8 cases (8%) appeared the ventricular expansion slightly,16 cases (16%) the basal cistern broadening,26 cases(26%) the parietal lobe broadening and deepening,and 86 cases (86%)the frontoparietal fissure parts symmetrically broadening.In terms of external hydrocephalus,10 cases (10%) decreased obviously,and the rest 90 cases (90%) disappeared during follow-up survey.Conclusion:CT can give a correct diagnosis for pediatric cases of external hydrocephalus.The widening of the subarachnoid space is the main representation.