手术室护士标准预防认知与职业损伤的调查研究

摘要

Objective:To investigate the operation room nurse cognition of standard prevention and the status of implementation and analyze related influencing factors.Method:The survey used a random sample,selected a total of 60 operation room nurses in 3 second class hospitals,and 5 tertiary hospitals randomly,got the information of standard prevention and occupation exposure through questionnaire survey about operation room nurses.Result:There were significant difference in cognition of standard precaution among nurses with different seniority,academic background and level of hospital(P<0.05),more than 10 work years,nurse-in-charge above and tertiary hospital nurses cognition was better.The severity of nurses occupation exposure phenomenon in the tertiary hospitals was higher than those of grade two hospitals(P<0.05) The number of sharp injurg one year of the grade two hospitals was higher than that of tertiarg hospitals.Neglect to take precautions and impossible to guard against accounted for more than 85%in the occupation exposure causes in operation room nurses,instrument nurse was as high as 55%probability of sharp instrument injury.Conclusion:Operation room nurses cognition about SP and executive strength still needs to improve,hospital infectious and control departments shall strengthen supervision on the SP work.%目的：探讨手术室护士对标准预防认知与执行现状并分析其影响因素。方法：随机抽取广州市3所二级医院、5所三级医院手术室护士共60名为研究对象，通过问卷调查了解手术室护士对标准预防与职业暴露的情况。结果：不同工龄、职称和医院级别的护士之间对标准预防的认知差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)，工龄>10年、主管护师以上和三级医院的护士认知较好；护士在工作中职业暴露现象的重视程度三级医院要高于二级医院(P<0.05)，1年中被锐器损伤的次数二级医院要高于三级医院(P<0.05)；手术室职业暴露的原因疏于防范和防不胜防占了所有原因的85%以上，做器械护士时被锐器损伤的几率高达55%。结论：手术室护士对标准预防的认知和执行力度仍需提高，院感控部门应加强对标准预防工作的监管。