对钍钨电极、单元稀土钨电极和多元稀土钨电极的3个典型状态(再结晶退火态、202旋锻、成品)的显微组织进行观察,探讨钨电极在加工过程中组织演变规律.结果表明:在加工过程中,三种电极显微组织均随加工程度的增加逐步纤维化,但第二相的行为却各有特点.钍钨电极第二相颗粒细小,变形能力较差;单元稀土钨电极的第二相颗粒略大,变形能力较强；多元稀土钨电极第二相颗粒最大,变形能力差.在现有的工艺条件下,钍钨电极和单元稀土钨电极的加工性能优于多元稀土钨电极,第二相尺寸大小和变形能力对钨电极的加工性能具有重要影响.%This paper investigates the microstructure evolution patterns of thorium -tungsten, single rare -earth tungsten and multiple rare-earth tungsten electrode materials during deformation process at their three typical stages of recrystallization annealing, 202 rotary swaging and finial product. The micrographs show that the fibrosis of three tungsten electrode materials gradually increases with processing degree. The behavior of the second phase in each material is different. Thorium-tungsten electrode materials exhibits small second phase with bad deformation property. While single rare—earth tungsten electrode materials displays relatively large one with excellent deformation property. The large second phase with bad deformation property is found in multiple rare-earth tungsten electrode materials. The above results indicate that the thorium-tungsten and single rare-earth tungsten electrode materials have better processability than multiple rare—earth tungsten electrode materials under present process. The deformation property and size of second phase play the key role in electrode processability.
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