直链十二烷基苯醚型双子表面活性剂的合成及表面性能

摘要

以月桂酸等为起始原料,经过酰化、Friedel - Crafts酰基化、Clemmensen还原、氯磺酸磺化和氢氧化钠中和反应,合成了直链十二烷基苯醚型gemini表面活性剂(C12- DLADS).采用元素分析,IR,1HNMR和HPLC - MS对中间体及产物结构进行分析表征,并计算了C12 - DLADS水溶液的胶束化热力学函数.结果表明:C12 - DLADS具有较低的临界胶束浓度(cmc)和较强的降低表面张力的能力,318 K时,最低表面张力(γcmc)和cmc分别是36.04 mN/m和6.03×10-4 mol/L;且随温度的升高,C12 - DLADS的电导率升高,反离子结合度K0减小；其胶束化热力学函数表明其形成胶束的过程为熵驱动.%A bis -sodium lauryl phenyl ether sulfonate gemini surfactant (C12 -DLADS) was synthesized from lauric acid as raw materials after five - step reactions including acylation, Friedel - Crafts reaction, Clemmensen reduction, sulfonation and neutralization. The intermediates as well as the surfactant product were characterized by elemental analysis, IR,1HNMR and HPLC/MS. The thermodynamic parameters of micellization of C12 - DLADS in aqueous solution were calculated. The results showed that the surfactant C12 -DLADS has a rather low critical micelle concentration (cmc) and strong capability for lowering the surface tension. The surface tension ( ycmc ) and cmc achieves 36.04 raN/m and 6. 03 × 10 -4 mol/L respectively at 318 K. Moreover,with the increase of temperature,the conductivity of C12 -DLADS increases, while the binding force with the counter ion K0 decreases. The thermodynamic parameters of micellization of C12 - DLADS showed that the process of micellization is driven by the entropy.