基于协议的RFC(Request for Comment)系列分析了协议的扩展方式，提出了协议扩展的几种可能方式，包括状态扩展、数据包扩展、值扩展及字段扩展，并结合提出的可扩展属性给出了一般的测试方法。对于有形式化模型的协议，给出了状态扩展和数据包扩展的可执行测试序列生成算法；对于无形式化模型的协议，基于值扩展和字段扩展给出了测试数据选择方法。以DNS为例分析了协议的可扩展属性及测试生成方法，并进行了实验。% Protocol is the basic element of Internet. Its development directly reacts the problems that the infrastructure of Internet and the applications are facing. The extensible protocol properties are analyzed and some extensible protocol properties are put forward such as state extensible property, data packet extensible property, value extensible property and field extensible property. Meanwhile, the general test method is given based on the extensible properties. For the protocols which have a formal model, an algorithm of executable test sequence generation is presented for state extension and data packet extension. For the protocols which have no formal model, the selection of test data is given based on value extensible property and field extensible property. DNS is used as an example to show the effectoftheapproachpresented.
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