膨润土的提纯与锂化改型工艺研究

摘要

A low grade Ca-bentonite from Liaoning was taken as the object of the study and the wet processing technology of puriifcation was carried out. The inlfuence on the content of the bentonite was determined by the dosage of dispersants, liquid-solid ratio, the time of centrifugation, the speed of centrifugation. The characterization of original soil and the purity of bentonite was tested by the X-ray diffraction photographs. The modiifcation was performed on the basis of the puriifcation. The inlfuence of the ratio of Li2CO3 and H2C2O4, reaction time, pH, reaction temperature on the modiifcation was studied and the optimum puriifcation and lithium condition were obtained in this experiment. The result shows that the swelling rate of the sodium bentonite is increased from 10.4ml/g to 89.9ml/g.%以辽宁低品位钙基膨润土为对象，研究湿法提纯工艺。探索了分散剂的用量、液固比、离心时间、离心速度对蒙脱石含量的影响，并通过X-射线衍射对原土及提纯土的结构进行了表征。在提纯土的基础上对其进行锂化改型，探索了L i2C O3与H2C2O4的比值、反应时间、p H值、反应温度对锂化效果的影响，并得到了最佳的提纯与锂化工艺条件。结果表明，通过锂化改型后的膨润土的膨胀容从10.4ml/g提高到了89.9ml/g。