不同统计学抽样方法在处方点评工作中的应用

摘要

目的:探讨不同统计学抽样方法在处方点评工作中应用的可行性和科学性,以提高点评处方的合理性和适宜性,促进合理用药.方法:收集我院2010年1月的门诊处方资料,以抗生素和注射剂的使用率为指标,按全查、系统抽样、分层等比例抽样方法进行抽样和处方点评,并进行比较,其中分层等比例抽样方法分为按总体概率最低值佑算的最小样本量和系统抽样样本量2种.结果与结论:2种分层等比例法抽样结果与全查法的抗生素使用率和注射剂使用率差别均无统计学意义(P>0.05),且最小样本量的分层等比例抽样结果更接近全查法结果,故按总体概率最低值估算最小样本量的分层等比例抽样法,更适合作为医疗机构开展处方点评工作中抽样调查的基本方法.%OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility and scientificity of different statistical sampling methods in prescription evaluation, and to improve the rationality and suitability of prescription evaluation and rational use of drugs. METHODS: The outpatient prescriptions of our hospital in Jan. 2010 were collected and evaluated with utilization ratio of antibiotics and injection by overall survey, systematic sampling and stratified equal-ratio sampling. Stratified equal-ratio sampling was divided into minimum sample size calculated by minimum total probability and systematic sample size. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: There is no significant difference in utilization ratio of antibiotics and injections between 2 kinds of stratified equal-ratio sampling and overall survey (P＞0.05). Minimum sample size of stratified equal-ratio sampling is closer to that of overall survey. Stratified equal-ratio sampling in which minimum sample size is predicted by minimum total probability is suitable for sample survey of prescription evaluation in medical institution.